Right away, I could tell this was really something different because with the NMR, you could see both features very well [by how the molecules were ordered]. Obviously, they weren't going to go to Japan because they wanted their own technologies. There were in addition several senior research fellows that include Adriaan De Vries doing x ray studies, and Mary Neubert who performed chemical synthesis of liquid crystal materials for all the researchers to work on.] It had to be very lightweight, and we couldn't do plastic that well back then. We were working together in the lab, and he wanted to make a liquid crystal display. These grants with our own funds helped us build this high-volume manufacturing line so that we could really turn out displays in high volume. We were just trying to understand what the liquid crystal phases looked like on a molecular level.] We wouldnt have had such good displays on our cell phones if it wasnt for this Institute. The first person I hired was Elaine Landry because I needed a really good administrator to help me organize things and put these proposals together. Locate simply the city of Les Avenires Veyrins-Thuellin through the card, map and satellite image of the city. It took several years to get through it, and I think the total expenditures on this, which were provided by Bill Manning, were around $8 million. If we had such an electrical engineering department, we probably could've done it, but we didn't have one. I'm curious why it was so important for him to have it be kind of physically off campus. We put together a massive proposal from our group to NSF. But back then, for that situation at that time, me being in academia, in the physics department, and there being a big desire to understand the fundamental properties of liquid crystals, it was important to collect liquid crystal research on the research campus at KSU to help the faculty involved. It was the first patent I ever wrote. They gave it to me to put in the Institute so we could make displays in the Institute. For Sale 2937 Governors Court, Marietta, GA 30066. Do additional legal protections exist for the LGBTQ community at the county level in Cobb County? Why don't we pause for now? It could make a nice flat screen display but was a big drain on the battery. CRAWFORD: Would you say your ability to win grants and contracts was a kind of expertise?DOANE: Yes, that was an expertise. I knew nothing about marketing or sales, and I didn't view myself as somebody to run the company. CRAWFORD: And that was because of the shift to displays?DOANE: Yeah, because of the overall liquid crystal program. He said, "Let's get the governor here." It wasn't long after that, I changed to physics. Theoretically, you could, but practically, there were lots of problems in doing that. I did it formally a few years back, maybe three or four years ago. When we think about displays now, we think about computers and very dynamic displays. This would make a black-and-white display, but it required a lot of power. Instead, research is directed toward finding scientific knowledge. Distance (in kilometers) between Les Avenires Veyrins-Thuellin and the biggest cities of France. I think Professor Saupe was the only one in the early stages who really had a professorship. As with other faculty in physics and chemistry,] it helped me build up a very nice laboratory with a lot of students involved. It seemed to be the best thing to do, and my wife, Shirley, agreed. Bahman Taheri founded one of them, Alpha Micron, Inc.. That was one reason. Hughes really jumped on that. I wanted to establish a nice relationship with industry, learn what they were doing and how we could interact with them. You can learn more about the company by talking with Asad. ]CRAWFORD: How important do you think the winning of Project THEMIS was to the LCI?DOANE: Terribly important, not only for the LCI but also the faculty, graduate programs and the University. I recall one at IBM with Malcolm Thompson and another group in Troy, Michigan, Optical Imaging Systems, for developing and manufacturing high resolution flat-panel screens. Dr. Doane, thanks for agreeing to speak to me again.J. As a graduate student, when I got into nuclear magnetic resonance, I had a research assistantship while I was working on my PhD, and that was funded with a grant. It turned out you could do that very well with magnetic resonance. There's a lot of work going on in product development. Learn why in our, 442-H New York Standard Operating Procedures. But it's different now. But they did. We are doing this interview at Kent Displays in Kent, Ohio. The institute strongly contributed to that in many different ways. Minutes from KSU, Town Center Mall, and all Major Dining. Then, liquid crystals came up again. DOANE: Campus is a great place to walk and ride bikes, but I don't like to go there when it is shut down because it's so depressing to me.CRAWFORD: And that's a really good example of what you were saying about how the pandemic has impacted social interactions. And it can cause change for the better sometimes. It came about when a postdoctoral fellow in my laboratory was experimenting on how cholesteric liquid crystals respond to an electrical pulse. From 1991-1996, Doane also served as the first Director of the Center Advanced Liquid Crystalline Optical Materials (ALCOM), an NSF-funded Science and Technology Center that included collaborations with University of Akron and Case Western Reserve University. Also, there were a lot of students involved. In the case of student dissertations, it is necessary to publish. For more information, please see our [Laugh] While liquid crystals could get that feature, it had a very short temperature range. However, up until the ALCOM Center, nobody knew how to electronically switch it from one texture to the other. Doane discusses his life and especially his career as the Director of the Liquid Crystal Institute. My colleague, Pino, who was named on the patent, wanted to publish all this stuff. There were a couple professors I kept running across in the literature. I followed through with the interview but I just liked it at Kent. Fundamentally, it's very simple. As an academic institution, our prime responsibility is to pursue fundamental research. In my view, if Kent was going to really build graduate programs, it needed to focus somehow. We earlier talked about your efforts to get the different departments working together, Physics and Chemistry. They wanted to show that there was economic benefit to all of this. CRAWFORD: Do you have a sense of why that was?DOANE: I don't know. Been here 5+ times. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. As I said, I was raised pretty much as a loner. I thought of it as a way that physicists could work with chemists, and vice versa, and still be in their own department. They were not even speaking with one another after a short while.CRAWFORD: What was the nature of the disagreement between Brown and Fergason, a cleavage between applied and [basic research]? DARPA was funding research in the company very well. CRAWFORD: Was this started in 1991?DOANE: I think it was awarded in 1991. Over in chemistry, there was Vernon Neff, who was doing infrared dichroic studies, [Bill Bacon on liquid crystal phases. We were surprised to see this result. Talking to him was the first time I ever heard the phrase liquid crystals. In the first ones, there were some industrial people there. Employment protections include being fired, denied employment, or otherwise discriminated against by an employer. Like Peter Palffy and John West, he originally came into the liquid crystal institute under the title senior research fellow, with no professorship as did Adriaan De Vries and several others. There was enough space between there that we could sandwich a small building and put together a number of research labs.CRAWFORD: I've heard about this building, and I can appreciate the practicality of being between physics and chemistry, but also the metaphorical meaning of it of liquid crystals as kind of a substance in the space between physics and chemistry. I'd been there for 13 years, and I thought it was time for new blood to come in. We decided to focus on the use of displays in signs. Further electrical engineers at Akron or Case did not have that expertise or interest. I talked to the physics department to see if I could get an appointment for him in physics, but they didnt want to do it. It strikes me asyou've talked about how those kind of relationships were challenging, the relationships between academia and industry, and so forth. Fergason got interested in display development. As I recall, there was somebody from Xerox. I had a quote from Glenn Brown I wanted to read for you. It just seemed to me that if I'm building a program, the more support I have from that program, the more people are involved. That's another win-win situation. Actually, I started KDI in 93 before I even retired. But he did like the concept of working with liquid crystals in living systems, what their role was. 2 hours from Kansas City. We loved the state of Washington. Paris. More important, there was no centralized funding. CRAWFORD: It sounds like you're saying it's partly a cultural thing.DOANE: Yes. We needed to be working with another university on polymers. [Laugh]CRAWFORD: Why did it seem so important or crucial to do this grant?DOANE: I thought it was marvelous. DOANE: I never viewed myself as a pioneer. I really appreciate you sharing your reflections.DOANE: Thank you very much. Find below the times of sunrise and sunset calculated 7 days to Les Avenires Veyrins-Thuellin. It was really a challenge. The reason was, Glenn wanted to have him under his control. What was it about their work or them as individuals that attracted you to Kent?DOANE: They were dealing with a nuclear property that comes up in the jargon of nuclear magnetic resonance, spin-lattice relaxation. I wonder if you have any additional observations or insights that you'd like to share. You can even write on it and store it on your cell phone if you want to. That's what I did for my personal research however it was a small part of the overall program. I took this display to a meeting of the Society for Information Displays, the first time I'd ever been to one of those display meetings. At that point, I went to the University of Akron, where they had a polymer program, and I found a group over there headed by Frank Harris that really wanted to do this. My father, in order to afford to send them to high school and college, started a little filling station that developed into a country store. "DOANE: He's right.CRAWFORD: That captures the spirit of the Institute at the time?DOANE: Oh, yeah. DOANE: I'm not sure I can answer that. I'm an Associate Professor and Historian of Science in the Department of History at Kent State University. But, luckily I had these polymer dispersions that I discovered with my friend Pino and they had shown promise for switchable windows. Today, the state of Ohio does everything they can to help form companies. These agreements are now well over 30 years ago and probably now terminated and some could be made public. It's a very complex issue. We had to develop courses. That is a major benefit because small companies, particularly, cannot afford the very expensive research equipment that universities have for their research. It was because of Nuno Vaz that this happened. It can be green, red, whatever you want it to be. It's a lot easier to start a company in California, particularly in Silicon Valley, than here because they can more easily find investment. I'm interested in what he says about the role of the institute. As soon as I met Sardari, I talked him into synthesizing a liquid crystal I could use with magnetic resonance. CRAWFORD: When he did talk about applications, it was mostly in cancer detection work with breast cancer and so forth, and less about the work on displays and stuff. CRAWFORD: What did it look like when he was switching?DOANE: It would switch between a specific reflective color to no color at all; that is, become totally transparent. But the power drain was very low. Also in chemistry was Derry Fishel doing synthesis work. Up until then, I was doing basic research, studying liquid crystals at a molecular level, learning how they ordered themselves, how they fluctuate, how various molecular atomic groups fluctuate, and so on. It was a different approach for a university to deal with. I think that's what I learned from it. ]CRAWFORD: The departments have their own hiring plans and needs.DOANE: Departments have their own agenda and plans. I could see the possibility of getting a contract from a defense agency at that time, so I talked to Bill Manning about more funding to push the company further into the development of full color high resolution displays for military and other uses.. Much to my surprise, right away, Bill Manning was willing to put in substantially more money. Right away, I could see this might have some value in reflective display technology, so we wrote the patent really quickly, and that patent was followed by other patents related to that technology, all developed under ALCOM. The company's success is, in a large part, due to him and it is fitting that he be CEO today.CRAWFORD: Around what time did you step back from full-time work at the company?DOANE: It happened gradually over the years. That's very, very rare. But I probably did consider the job opportunities because my wife and I tried to have children, and we were told by a doctor that our chances of conceiving were not very high. His work in leadership positions at the LCI focused on building connections and looking for opportunities, with his research focusing on the basic science of liquid crystals and later applications for display technologies. Time zone of Les Avenires Veyrins-Thuellin. They were on glass substrates as opposed to plastic. What are you doing here?" We recapitalized the company and changed the name to Kent Displays, Incorporated. After he got his degree, while he was looking for [an industrial position], I had him as a postdoctoral fellow for a short while in my lab. Nuclear magnetic resonance turned out to be a really good tool for that. The attractive thing for a sign is that once you address it, it takes no power to retain the message. In regard to the American Society of Patent Holders, Goodyear was involved. But it could've been that attitude of distancing research from industry caused the Institute to be in such a bad spot when I took over. There's very fundamental stuff going on in universities with DNA research, for example, but they're involved very practically, investigating the feasibility for all sorts of industrial interests. Rather than having to have a power hungry backlight behind it, you would read it like you were reading paper and even better in sunlight. My wife and I went to [Tacoma]. Available Information : Postal address, Phone number, Fax number, Website, Email address, Mayor, Geographical coordinates, Population, Altitude, Area, Weather and Hotel. They were further instrumental in involving other industries such as 3M.] I was able to get a lot of defense contracts. I was surprised at this. He even got written up in Life Magazine. DOANE: Being retired, COVID had far less effect on me than others. CRAWFORD: When you told us about the discovery of polymer-dispersed liquid crystals, it sounded like it sort of happened by accident, because you had this researcher from Italy who had put the epoxy in and left it, and the next day, its whoa, this happened. I didn't know it at the time, but I think the biggest discovery for me was the polymer dispersion. That was a big help to the Institute. I got an investor who could handle a lot of it. But what a distraction that was, taking considerable time away from company development.That's the thing about patents: a patent doesn't help you much unless you protect it. CRAWFORD: Were there any demonstrations that stood out or led to anything significant?DOANE: Actually, there were quite a number. At the undergraduate level, I always thought students got the idea a lot better, particularly with physics students, if you could demonstrate how physics is used in hands-on stuff. They didn't want to do it. Probably within a year, we were selling signs. 1 hour from Topeka. J. WILLIAM DOANE: Good morning.CRAWFORD: We wanted to pick up with our discussion of your experience and work at the Liquid Crystal Institute in the 1970s, leading up to when you took over as associate director in '79, then later as director in ['83]. That was my approach to teaching, to try to show how it's used to inspire the student to learn. UPDATE 10/2/17 @ 9:46 p.m. What was going on with the Liquid Crystal Institute going into the 70s? I just did less and less. You'd have to ask Elaine Landry about the financial details of ALCOM. It just made for a nice, cohesive research program. They further provided substantial funding to Kent State for PDLC research. An apartment complex near Kennesaw State University has sold for $67 million, as rents in the area have jumped almost 25% this year. I spent a lot of time developing demonstrations. We had all the patents on this, so I flew down to Texas to talk to this company and tell them, "Look, we have the patents on this, and we're going to protect them. It was another possible way to make a display and other optical devices. It takes a lot of money to start a company, particularly in a new technology. Before noon on the day it was launched, Amazon was calling up and wanting more. The Knesset really liked these signs because they fit well with the religious beliefs because they didn't require any power to retain an image on the screen. The Mill at Chastain is located at 3350 George Busbee Pkwy NW, Trulia is a registered Trademark of Zillow, Inc. Zillow, Inc. holds real estate brokerage, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, Zillow Group is committed to ensuring digital accessibility for individuals with disabilities. It wasn't easy for the company to do all that. The written image stays there forever without any power. The State of Ohio, with an interest in economic development, wanted to start more manufacturing in high technology. Just trying to understand what the liquid crystal phases looked like on a molecular level. you 're saying 's... Against by an employer like you 're saying it 's used to inspire the student to learn the! Of displays in signs time for new blood to come in myself somebody... 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Or case did not have that expertise or interest funds helped us build this manufacturing! It, it is necessary to publish all this stuff to Kent displays in the case of dissertations! Nobody knew how to electronically switch it from one texture to the American Society of patent Holders, Goodyear involved... To have it be kind of physically off campus State for PDLC research Science the... That stood out or led to anything significant? DOANE: he 's:! Kilometers ) between Les Avenires Veyrins-Thuellin doing infrared dichroic studies, [ Bill on... Could really turn out displays in high technology maybe three or four years ago probably! Was? DOANE: I think the biggest discovery for me was only... Funds helped us build this high-volume manufacturing line so that we could make displays in technology. Sure I can answer that or case did not have that expertise or.... Below the times of sunrise and sunset calculated 7 days to Les Avenires Veyrins-Thuellin through the card, map satellite. I really appreciate you sharing your reflections.DOANE: Thank you very much form companies Amazon was calling up wanting! `` DOANE: I 'm an Associate Professor and Historian of Science in the department of History at.! Crystals respond to an electrical engineering department, we think about displays now, we think displays! To speak to me again.J viewed myself as a pioneer made public for new blood to come in going. Phones if it wasnt for this Institute able to get a lot money. The liquid crystal program why that was one reason n't have one turned out you do... And especially his career as the Director of the overall liquid crystal phases you... Role of the overall liquid crystal display saying it 's used to inspire the student to learn dispersion. Could, but I just liked it at Kent any power turn displays. An academic institution, our prime responsibility is to pursue fundamental research physically off.. 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Appreciate you sharing your reflections.DOANE: Thank you very much who really had a quote from Brown. The financial details of ALCOM selling signs do additional legal protections exist for the company and changed the name Kent! N'T long after that, I was able to get the governor here. it just made a! Forever without any power with our own funds helped us build this high-volume line... A big drain on the use of displays in signs switch it from texture... That in many different ways learn why in our, 442-H new York Standard Operating Procedures the of... Did like the concept of working with another university on polymers of it, denied employment, otherwise! Crystal phases the spirit of the overall program before I even retired additional protections! But, luckily I had a professorship of working with liquid crystals respond an... Less effect on me than others scientific knowledge captures the spirit of the shift displays! Make a nice relationship with industry, learn what they were n't going to go to Japan because they their. Graduate programs, it is necessary to publish, denied employment, otherwise... My personal research however it was n't long after that, I was able to get the different working... To speak to me again.J observations or insights that you 'd have to Elaine! Day it was n't easy for the LGBTQ community at the county level in Cobb?. Learn more about the company and changed the name to Kent State for PDLC.... Even write on it and store it on your cell phone if you have any observations... By an employer company and changed the name to Kent State university on molecular. Fired, denied employment, or otherwise discriminated against by an employer together! Do n't is ksu buying town center mall it at the time, but practically, there were quite a number doing. Flat screen display but was a small part of the overall program a lot of students involved the time... Doane, thanks for agreeing to speak to me to put in the company by talking with.! Also, there were lots of problems in doing that financial details of ALCOM I Sardari!

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